15/10/2024
Busting the Myths: CNG Safety and the Issues Arising
By: Kennedy Osagie; Chief Operating Officer (COO) Automotive Gas Nigeria Services Limited (Autogas Nigeria)
In recent days, the social media space has been filled with news and images about how unsafe CNG conversion is.
This misinformation largely sponsored by individuals with their own motives is filled with sensationalism, skewed facts and fearmongering.
In recent years, the global push towards sustainable
energy sources has brought compressed natural gas (CNG) into the spotlight as an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional fuels like petrol and diesel.
However, despite its growing popularity, several myths and misconceptions surrounding CNG's safety continue to persist. As a major stakeholder in the CNG
industry in Nigeria, I have become interested in debunking some of the common myths associated with CNG and addressing the real issues that arise from its use.
CNG vehicles are generally considered to be as safe as or safer than conventionally fueled vehicles, they are known to be involved in fewer crashes on average.
The following nations have adopted CNG usage for decades with very high safety records
1. Iran - 4.5 million
2. China - 6 million
3. India -3.9 million
4. Pakistan -3.5 million
5. Argentina -2.3 million
6. Brazil -1.8 million
7. Italy -1.1 million
8. Thailand -1.0 million
9. Colombia - 800,000
10. Egypt - 600,000
Records have shown that vehicles fitted with CNG had far fewer accidents that those using fossil fuels in
these nations.
Myth 1:
CNG is Highly Explosive and Dangerous
One of the most pervasive myths about CNG is that it is highly explosive and more dangerous than
conventional fuels. While it’s true that CNG, like any other fuel, is flammable, it is important to understand that CNG is safer than petrol or diesel in several respects. Regardless of the images that have been shared
around which are few in-between, it is important to note that CNG has
1. Higher Ignition Temperature: CNG has an ignition temperature of around 540°C, much higher than
that of gasoline, which ignites at around 228°C. This means it requires significantly more heat to
catch fire.
2. Lightweight and Dissipative: Since CNG is lighter than air, it quickly disperses into the atmosphere if a leak occurs. In contrast, liquid fuels like petrol or diesel tend to pool on the ground, posing a much higher fire risk.
3. Built-in Safety Features: CNG systems are fitted with various safety measures such as pressure relief valves and automatic shut-off systems that ensure any leaks are promptly managed.
Myth 2: CNG Tanks are Prone to Explosions in Accidents Another common myth is that CNG tanks are fragile and prone to exploding during car accidents. CNG tanks are constructed from robust, high-strength materials designed to withstand extreme pressure and impact.
They go through rigorous testing, including fire, burst, drop, and impact tests, before they are certified for use. These tanks are designed to handle pressures up to 3,600 psi, significantly higher than the pressure levels encountered in typical vehicle operations.CNG tanks are structurally more resilient than fuel tanks that can rupture upon collision. In the event of an accident, CNG tanks are less likely to break, and even if they do, the gas dissipates quickly, reducing the
chance of fire or explosion.
Myth 3:CNG is Not Suitable for High-Performance Vehicles
A frequent misconception is that CNG hampers vehicle performance, particularly for high-performance engines. However, advancements in CNG engine technology have debunked this myth. CNG burns more cleanly and efficiently than gasoline, providing smoother engine operation and longer engine life due to reduced carbon deposits.
Modern CNG conversion kits are engineered to maintain the power output of high-performance vehicles.
While CNG may slightly reduce the overall horsepower, the difference is negligible in most driving conditions.
Real Safety Concerns and How They Are Addressed While CNG is generally safe, certain issues can arise if proper safety measures and maintenance protocols
are not followed.
1. Use of sub-standard cylinders poses the greatest risk for CNG users, most CNG explosion happens
dues to this factor. It is important that you do not patronise road-side installers for CNG fitment.
2. Improper installation of CNG systems poses another significant risk. Vehicles converted to CNG should always be fitted with certified kits by trained technicians, and routine maintenance should be adhered to for optimal performance and safety.
3. CNG cylinders have a finite lifespan, typically between 15-20 years, depending on usage. It is crucial to have them regularly inspected for corrosion, damage, or wear and to replace them as needed to
prevent leaks or ruptures.
4. Natural gas has no odour, but during CNG processing, a sulphur-based odorant is added to detect leaks. Vehicle owners should remain vigilant and report any unusual smells or hissing sounds, which may indicate a gas leak.
5. Ensuring that CNG refuelling stations comply with international safety standards is crucial. Fuel dispensers must be regularly maintained, and proper safety training for station operators is essential to avoid potential hazards.
Verdict: CNG is Safe and Sustainable
The shift towards CNG in Nigeria is a necessary step in addressing our current economic and environmental
challenges and reducing our dependence on traditional fossil fuels.
As we drive towards CNG adoption, public understanding of its safety must be grounded in facts, not myths.
To query the use of CNG for vehicles is akin to querying the use of aeroplanes known generally as the safest means of transportation despite the fatalities from air crashes, or the safety of EVs due to battery explosions. It must be noted that as with other systems, with the adoption of the right safety protocols, proper maintenance, and professional installation, CNG is a safe, reliable, and efficient fuel alternative.
Autogas Nigeria is committed to delivering safe and efficient CNG conversion process that meets global operational and safety standards. We believe that this is critical in building public confidence in the sector
and combating misinformation from those profiting from an established system that has continue to impoverish the majority of citizens.
