10/11/2024
القاموس البحري
تم تجميع أغلب المعلومات المقدمة أدناه من مصادر مختلفة إما من الإنترنت أو من خلال الخبرة العملية الشخصية اليومية، ويتم تحديثها على فترات منتظمة. يرجى عدم التردد في التواصل معنا لاية استفسارات أو أفكار ونوعية خاصة بالقطاع البحري عبر واتس +96399528666
ونظرا للحجم الكبير لهذه المصطلحات سننشر كل اسبوع قسم منها لتعم الفائدة للجميع.
•AAAA
Always Accessible Always Afloat
•Abaft
A relative term used to describe the location of one object in relation to another, in which the object described is farther aft than the other. Thus, the mainmast is abaft the foremast (in back of).
•Abaft the beam
Said of the bearing of an object which bears between the beam and the stern (further back than the ship’s middle).
•Abandon ship
Get away from the ship, as in an emergency.
•Abeam
The bearing of an object 90 degrees from ahead (in a line with the middle of the ship).
•Able bodied seaman
The next grade above the beginning grade of ordinary seaman in the deck crew.
•Access Holes
Holes cut in ship’s structure to permit entering or leaving various compartments.
•Accommodation ladder
The portable steps from the gangway down to the waterline.
•Aces
Hooks for the chains.
•Acorn
A solid piece of metal shaped like an acorn, and used to finish off the top of an upright in a railing contructed of pipe.
•ADCOM
Address Commission
•Added mass
The effective increase in mass of a hull, due to the entrained water, when in motion.
•Added weight method
One method used in the calculation of a ship’s damaged stability when it is partially fl ooded. It regards the water which has entered as an added weight, the basic hull envelope remaining. The other approach uses the concept of lost buoyancy.
•Afloat Floating
•Aframax
A term used for the largest dry bulkcarriers.
•AFSPS
Arrival First Sea Pilot Station (Norway)
•Aft
At, or towards t هوhe stern of a vessel. (Opposite to forward.)
•Aft peak tank
A tank or compartment located abaft the aftmost watertight transverse bulkhead above propeller(s) and rudder (often used for fresh water or sea water ballast).
•After body
The section aft of amidships.
•After deck
A term applied to a deck aft to the midship portion of a vessel.
•After frammes
Radiating cant frames fastened to transom plates.
•After peak
A compartment just forward of the stern post. It is generally almost entirely below the load water line.
•After peak bulkhead
A term applied to the first transverse bulkhead forward of the stern post. This bulkhead forms the forward boundary of the after-peak tank and should be made watertight.
•After perpendicular
The vertical line through the intersection of the load water line and the after edge of the stern post. On submarines or ships having a similar stern, it is a vertical line passing through the points where the design waterline intersects the stern of the ship>
•After rake
That part of the stern which overhangs the keel.
•Aftermost
Nearest the stern.
•Aground
Resting on the bottom.
•AGW
All Going Well
•Anneal
To heat a metal and to cool it in such a fashion as to toughen and soften it. Brass or copper is annealed by heating to a cherry red and dipping suddenly into water while hot. Iron or steel is slowly cooled from the heated condition to anneal.
•Anode
Zinc or aluminium or some such alloy that is fixed to the hull of a vessel. They are “eaten” up by electrical currents moving from the vessel to the water. The anode is sacrificed to protect the metal hull of the vessel – without the anode, the hull plating would be disolved by electrolysis.
•Ballast
Any weight carried solely for the purpose of making the vessel more seaworthy. Ballast may be either portable or fixed, depending upn the condition of the ship. Fixed or permanent ballast in the form of sand, concrete, scrap or pig iron is usually fitted to overcome an inherent defect in stability or trim due to faulty design or changed character of service. Potrable ballast, usually in the form of water pumped into or out of the bottom, peak, or wing ballast tanks, is utilized to overcome a temporary defect in stability or trim due to faulty loading, damage, etc.
•Base line
A horizontal fore and aft reference line for vertical measurements. This line is perpendicular to the vertical center line. A horizontal transverse reference line for vertical measurements. This is line is perpendicular to the vertical center line. A horizontal transverse reference line for vertical measuremnts. This line is perpendicular to both the vertical center line and fore-and-aft base line.
•Battens,cargo
A tern applied to the planks that are fitted to the inside of the frames in a hold to keep the cargo away from the shell plating, the strips of wood or steel used to prevent shifting of cargo.
•BBB
Before Breaking Bulk
•BDI
Both Dates Inclusive
•BDN
Bunker Delivery Note
•Beachcomber
A derelict seaman found unemployed on the waterfront, especially in a foreign country (seaman without a ship).
•Beam (1)
The registered breadth of a vessel, measured at the outside of the hull amidships, or at its greatest breadth. (2) A transverse structural member supporting a deck and/or strengthening a hull.
•Beam knees
Angular fittings which connect beams and frames together.
•Beam line
The line showing the top of the frame line.
•Beam plate angles
A beam made from a flat plate, with the fl**ge bent at right angles by an angle-bending machine
•Beam wind
A wind at right angles to a vessel’s course (wind blowing at the ship’s side.)
•Bear a hand
To assist or help.
•Bear down
To approach (overtake or come up to).
•Bearer
A term applied to foundations, particularly those having vertical web plates themselves are called bearers.
•Bearing
The direction of an object (with reference to you, your ship, another object).
•Becalmed
A sailing vessel dead in the water due to lack of wind (not moving).
•Becket
A rope eye for the hook of a block. A rope grommet used in place of a rowlock. Also, a small piece of rope with an eye in each end to hold the feet of a sprit to the mast. In general any small rope or strap used as a handle.
•Bed plate
A structure fitted for support of the feet of the engine columns, as well as to provide support for crankshaft bearings. It also helps distribute engine weight and stresses to the ship’s structure. The bed plate consists of a series of transverse girders, connecting fore-and-aft members or girders.
•Bilge keel
Non-retractable elongated longitudinal fin protruding from the bilge used to reduce rolling.
•Bilge plates
The curved shell plates that fit the bilge.
•Bilge pump
Pump for removing bilge water.
•Bilge strake
Line of shell plating at the bilge between bottom and side plating.
•Bilge well
A bilge well is generally located in the lowest part of the compartment. It is used for drainage and is generally shaped like a box, and fitted to the underside of the inner bottom, with a strainer on top.
•Bilges
The lowest portion of a ship inside the hull, considering the inner bottom where fitted as the bottom hull limit.
•Bilgeway
Same a bilge
•Bill of lading
A document that establishes the terms of contract between a shipper and a trasportation company. It serves as a document title, a contract of carriage, and a receipt for goods.
•BIMCO
Baltic & International Maritime Council
•Bin
A walled enclosure built on the deck of a barge for the purpose of retaining cargo; also called a pen or cargo box.
•Binnacle
A stand or case for housing a compass so that it may be conveniently consulted. Binnacles differ in shape and size according to where used and the size of the compass to be accpmmodated. A binnacle for a ship’s navigating compass consists essentially for a pedestal at whose upper and is a bowl-shaped receptacle having a sliding hood-like cover. This receptacle accommodates the gimbals supporting the compass. Compensating binnacles are provided with brackets or arms on either side, starboard and port, for supporting and securing the iron cylinders or spheres used to counteract the quadrantal error due to the earth’s magnetization of the vessel. This type of binnacle is usually placed immediately in front of the steering wheel, having its vertical axis in the vertical plane of the fore-and-aft center-line of the vessel.
•Birth marks
Same as Plimsoll marks.
•Bitter end
(Nautical) The inboard end of a vessel’s anchor chain which is made fast in the chain locker
•Bitts
Twin stout posts welded to the deck to which mooring lines are fastened
Bale
•BL (2)
(Bill of Lading) A document signed by the carrier which acts as a receipt and evidence of title to the cargo.
•Black gang
Member of the engine-room force, which included the engineers, firemen, oilers, and wipers.
•Blank fl**ge
A fl**ge which is not drilled but which is otherwise complete.
•Bleeders
A term applied to plugs screwed into the bottom of a ship to provide for drainage of the compartments when the vessel is in dry dock.
•BLG
Bulk Liquids and Gases
•Block
The name given a pulley or sheave, or system of pulleys or sheaves mounted in a frame, and used to multiply power when moving objects by means of ropes run over the sheaves. Single, double or triple-when used with the word “block” indicate the number of sheaves it contains.
•Block and block
Same as two blocks.
•Block and tackle
(Block and Falls). The complete unit of two or more blocks rove up with an adequate amount of rope.
•BM Beam
•BMP
Best Management Practices
•BNWAS Bridge
Navigational Watch Alarm System
•Boat-fall
A purchase (block and tackle) for hoisting a boat to its davits.
•BOB
Bunker on Board
•Body plan
A pair of half transverse and elevations, with a common vertical center line. The right side gives the ship as seen from ahead, the left side from astern. Water lines, buttock and bow lines, diagonal lines, etc., are shown.
•Boiler
Any vessel, container or receptacle that is capable of generating steam by the internal or external application of heat. There are two general classes of boilers. I.E., fire-tube and water-tube.
•Boiler casing
A wall protecting the different deck spaces from the heat of the boiler room.
•Boiler chocks
Stay braces which prevent fore and aft movement of boilers.
•Boiler foundation
The structure upon which the boiler is secured. It generally consists of girders built up from plates and shapes. In a cylindrical boiler the athwartship girders are often called saddles.
•Boiler room
A compartment in the middle or after section of a vessel where the boilers are placed.
•Bollard
The equivalent of a vessel’s mooring bitts used onshore.
•Braze
To heat and join by means of hard solder (spelter). This may be brass, bronze, or other alloys.
•Breadth
The side-to-side measurements of a vessel at any given place.
•Breadth extreme
The maximum breadth measured over plating or planking, including heading or enders.
•Breadth, molded
See Molded Breadth.
•Breadth, registered
Measured amidships at its greatest breadth to outside of plating.
•Break
Of p**p or forecastle. The point at which the partial p**p or forcastle deck are discontinued.
•Break ground
Said of anchor when it lifts clear of the bottom.
•Breakbulk
Loose, noncontainerized cargo stowed directly into a ship’s hold.
•Breaker
A small cask for fresh water carried in ship’s boats. A sea (wave) with a curl on the crest.
•Breakwater
A term applied to plates fitted on a forward weather deck to form a V-shaped shield against water that is shipped over the bow.
•Breaming
Cleaning the barnacles, paint, etc., from a ship’s bottom with a blow torch.
•Breast beam
The transverse beam nearest to midship on the p**p and forecastle deck.
•Breast hook
Ahorizontal plate secured across the fore peak of a vessel to tie the fore-peak frames together and unit the bow.
•Breast rail
The upper rail of a balcony on the quarter deck.
•Breasthook
Horizontal plate brackets of generally triangular form connecting port and starboard side stringers and bow plating at the stem.
•Bridge
Elevated centre dedicated to the control and navigation of the vessel. [Alt. Navigating bridge or wheelhouse.]
•Bridge house
The er****on or superstructure fitted about amidship on the upper deck of a ship. The officer’s quarters, staterooms and accommodations are usually in the bridge house.
•Bridge wing(s)
Lateral (open or enclosed) extension(s) to a vessel’s bridge to permit direct vision beyond the hull side.
•Bridge, navigating or flying
The uppermost platform erected at the level of the top of the pilot house. It generally consists of a narrow walkway supported by stan-chions, running from one side of the ship to the other and the space over the top of the pilot house. A duplicate set of navigating instruments and controls for the steering gear and engine room signals are installed on the flying bridge so that the ship may be navigated in good weather from this platform. Awnings erected on stanchions and weather cloths fitted to the railing give protection against sun and wind.
•Bridges
A high transverse platform, often forming the top of a bridge house, extending from side to side of the ship, and from whick a good view of the weather deck may be had. An enclosed space called the pilot house is erected on the bridge in which are installed the navigating instruments, such as the compass and binnacle, the control for the steering apparatus, and the signals to the engine room. While the pilot house is generally entended to include a chartroom and sometimes staterooms, a clear passageway should be left around it. As the operation of the ship is directed from the bridge or flying bridge above it, there should also be clear, open passage from one side of the vessel to the other.
•Bridle
A V-shaped chain, wire, or rope attached to a vessel being towed to which the towline is connected.
•BSG
Barge Safety Guide
•BSS Basis
•BSS 1/1 Basis 1 Port to 1 Port
•BT Berth Terms
•Buck frame
A transverse truss.
•Buckle plateb
A plate that has warped from its original shape also a plate that is wider at the center than at the end.
•Budy
A term applied to a floating object that is moored or anchored so that it remains at one place. Budys are used for marking the places on the water where a ship is sunk, where reefs are below, where the edges of the channel are, or to provide means for mooring ship at a desired position.
•Budyancy
Ability to float, the supporting effort exerted by a liquid (usaually water) upon the surface of a boly wholly or partially immersed.
•Building slip
An inclined launching berth where the ship is built.
Build-operate-transfer (BOT) A form of concession where a private party or consortium agrees to finance, construct, operate and maintain a facility for a specific period and transfer the facility to the concerned government or port authority after the term of the concession. The ownership of the concession area (port land) remains with the government or port authority during the entire concession period. the concessionaire bears the commercial risk of operating the facility.
•Bulb angle
Or bulb angle bar. An angle with one edge having a bulb or swell.
•Bulb plate
A narrow plate generally of mild steel, rolled with a bulb or swell along one of its edges. Used for hatch coamings, built up beams, etc.
•Bulb tee
A Tee bar with toe of web reinforced.
•Bulge
Same as bilge.
•Bulk cargo
Cargo shipped in loose condition and of a homogeneous nature.
•Bulk carrier
Vessel designed for the transportation of dry loose homogeneous cargoes in bulk in self-trimming holds and constructed to sustain the heavy concentrated weight distribution of the cargoes.
•Bulkhead
(1) A vertical structural partition dividing a vessel’s interior into various compartments for strength and safety purposes; (termed strength bulkhead). (2) Term applied to vertical partition walls (non-structural) subdividing the interior of a vessel into compartments.
•Bulkhead bounding: bar
A bar used for the purpose of connecting the edges of a bulkhead to the tank top, shell, deck, or to another bulkhead. Angle bars are generally used for this purpose, as both fl**ges are easily calked.
•Bulkhead deck
Uppermost deck at which transverse watertight bulkheads terminate
•Bulkhead sluice
An opening cut in a bulkhead just above the tank top connecting angle, and fitted with a valve which may be operated from the deck above.
•Bulkhead stiffeners
A term applied to the beams or girders attached to a bulkhead for the purpose of supporting it under pressure and holding it in shape. Vertical stiffenera are most commonly used, but horizontal stiffeners or a combination of both may be used.
•Bull riveting
Driving rivets by squeezing them with a high powered air or hydraulic machine.
•Bullnosed bow
Bow with large rounded bow point underneath water line.
•Bulwark
Barrier of stiffened plating at the outboard edge of the main or upper deck to prevent or inhibit entry of the sea. Bulwarks may be additionally employed at the forward edges of superstructure decks in lieu of safety railings as a barrier to wind and spray.
•Bulwark stay
A brace extending from the deck to a point near the top of the bulwark, to keep it rigid.
•BUNDLING
This is the assembly of pieces of cargo, secured into one manageable unit. This is a very flexible description; a rule of thumb is to present cargo at a size easily handled by a large (20 ton) fork lift truck.
•Bunk
Built-in bed aboard ship.
Bunker Compartment for the storage of oil or other fuel.
•Bunker
stays A brace extending from the deck to a point near the top of the bulwark, to keep it rigid.
•BUNKERS
Name given for vessels Fuel and Diesel Oil supplies (Originates from coal bunkers)
•Buoy
A stationary floating object used as an aid for navigation.
•Buoyancy
Ability to float, lifting power when immersed.
•Burr edge
The rough uneven edge of a punched or burnt hole or plate.
•Butt joint
A joint made by fitting two pieces squarely together on their edges, which is then welded or butt strapped.
•Butt strap
A bar or plate used to fasten two or more objects together with their edges butted.
•Butterworth
A washing process used to gas free or clean a cargo tank, employing hot water or chemicals, sprayed through a patented rotating nozzle.
•Butterworth opening
a deck access opening with bolted cover, designed for butterworth operations.
•Buttock
Counter.The rounded-in overhanging part on each side of the stern in front of the rudder, merging undernearth into the run.
•Buttock lines
The curves shown by taking a vertical longitudinal section of the after part of a ship’s hull, parallel to the keel.
•Button
A cast or fabricated deck item, usually round, that is used to thread cables between vessels when they are made-up.
•BWAD
Brackish Water Arrival Draft
•By the board
Overboard (over the side).
•By the head
Deeper forward (front end deepest in water).
•By the Run
To let go altogether.
