11/29/2016
AUTONOMOUS TRUCKS CAN'T REPLACE DRIVERS.
A few days back, a self-driving truck generated no small hype. With its driver on the passenger seat, the truck made its way at 55mph across Colorado, to deliver 50,000 cans of Budweiser.
This feat, which is clearly more than an impressive marketing campaign by Budweiser, undoubtedly marks the beginning of a new era in trucking technology.
Understandably, this has generated a lot of discussions and questions about the future of truck drivers and there are fears that self-driving trucks will completely eliminate the need for humans in trucking.
The realistic view among those who should know – that is, many trucking industry professionals, drivers inclusive, is that technology can’t replace the driver’s role, although it may change it into a more passive one.
In spite of this, I still get a bit worn out by folks who are of the opinion that technology is set to replace drivers. Therefore, I’d like to put in proper perspective, why I believe this isn’t going to happen anytime soon or may be never.
TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITY
Driverless technology currently offers level-4 autonomy. What this means is that it’s possible for it to perform all safety-critical driving functions as well as monitor roadway conditions for an entire trip. However, it’s yet to cover every possible driving scenario.
Before you say ‘it’s just the beginning”, you must understand that although there are set rules in driver's education, “spur of the moment” situations do arise that require human intervention.
For instance, the rules are clear about who gets the right of way at dreaded four-way intersections, but we often have to wave to let someone else know that it's ok to go ahead. In such complex situations, I don’t see robotic interaction working very well with fellow drivers. Then, think of construction sites where hand gestures are used to signal to a truck driver when to move or stop; no autonomous technology available today, can reliably make the right decision in such situations.
CITY AND RESIDENTIAL NAVIGATION
At the moment, autonomous technology works only on highways, where it doesn’t have to contend with tricky variables like jaywalking pedestrians, four-way stops, or kids on bicycles. Self-driving trucks maintain a safe following distance, and lanes are executed only when absolutely necessary. Would you trust a robot to make a wide turn right in the middle of busy city traffic? I wouldn’t.
LOADING/UNLOADING
It’s the truck driver’s responsibility to make sure that the freight remains secure along the route. When loading, the driver needs to use load bars or straps to secure the freight and he needs to communicate with dock workers when necessary. Also, when offloading, the driver is required to make sure everything is being offloaded appropriately. And if it’s an LTL delivery, the driver will need to verify that the right amount of freight is being offloaded at each drop-off location. All these tasks cannot be left completely to a robot.
PAPERWORK
Paperwork is another huge part of the equation. Drivers would need to collect signed BOL and POD at pick-up and drop-off locations respectively. They would also need to ensure that the information on the BOL and POD are accurate. Sometimes, the driver may need to get the shipper or receiver to mention the detention time on the BOL or POD; and in cases of LTL deliveries, ensure that right BOL gets signed at the right place. Yes, it can be argued that the receiver and shipper ends can be made 100% perfect to reduce the driver’s role; but I guess we will need robots at the dock in that case.
INFRASTRUCTURE
Deploying driverless trucks will require much more than clear lane markings on roads. Deeper thought has to be given to other aspects of road safety; as technology can go astray without these. For example, plans for road construction or maintenance will need to be filed in well ahead of time to give autonomous operators, enough time to plan around these complex and unusual situations. Traffic lights and signals should be able to intelligently communicate with trucks. Gas stations would need to figure out a way to fill gas into trucks without drivers. There is so much more that would have to change, outside of trucking, in order to make the dream of fully autonomous trucks, a reality.
Autonomous technology will definitely increase efficiency and make our roads safer. It will significantly reduce the driver’s role and may increase their average daily operational hours. Furthermore, it may help reduce driver shortage by encouraging those who were hitherto unqualified or hesitant due to concerns about highway driving fatigue; to embrace trucking.
In my humble opinion, it’s impossible to take drivers out of trucking. So, let’s focus on improving driver’s condition in trucking rather than waiting for technology to pull off a miracle.
Author - Manny Bains
https://ca.linkedin.com/in/bainsmanny