22/07/2026
Kenya is home to more than 40 ethnic groups, each with its own traditions, language and way of life. Among the most recognisable are the Maasai, Samburu and Turkana. While they share pastoral roots, each community has developed a distinct identity shaped by the landscapes they call home.
The Maasai are found across southern Kenya and northern Tanzania, where they have lived as semi-nomadic pastoralists for centuries. Instantly recognisable in their bright red shúkàs and intricate beadwork, Maasai society has long been organised around age sets, with young men progressing through warriorhood before becoming elders. The warrior, or moran, has traditionally been responsible for protecting both the community and its livestock, and remains one of the defining symbols of Maasai culture. Although modern life has brought change, many ceremonies, songs and rites of passage continue to be observed today.
The Samburu inhabit the dry savannas of central and northern Kenya. Closely related to the Maasai, they are often called the “Butterfly People” for their vibrant clothing and spectacular beadwork. Samburu moran are renowned for their elaborate hairstyles, painted skin, colourful wraps and layers of beaded adornment, creating one of Africa’s most striking cultural identities. While livestock remain central to Samburu life, their warrior traditions, communal ceremonies and strong oral history continue to define the community.
The Turkana live in Kenya’s remote northwest, around the shores of Lake Turkana, where they have adapted to one of Africa’s harshest climates. Traditionally semi-nomadic, they herd camels, goats, sheep and cattle, with lakeside communities relying on fishing. Turkana warriors have historically carried long spears and wrist knives for protection as they moved across vast, arid landscapes with their livestock. Their bold neck rings, colourful beadwork and practical leather garments reflect a culture forged through resilience in one of the continent’s most demanding environments.
Three cultures. Three landscapes. One extraordinary country.
All images shot on dmAFRICA fam trips by Sean Gibson